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    Affichage des articles dont le libellé est classic. Afficher tous les articles
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    samedi 16 novembre 2013

    Neo-Classic: A Turbo-Swapped ’71 Celica


    We love classic cars. We love their engines, their styling, their smell – and their character. Whether you currently own a vintage car, are planning to buy one, or have just dreamed about it, I think we can all agree that the cars of yesterday offer something that you just can’t find in today’s high tech machines.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-2
    In the world of our car hobby, there are few things more rewarding then finding an old beat-up vehicle and breathing new life into it. It’s the kind of thing lots of car enthusiasts live for. Whether it’s some simple refreshing to get an old car back on the road, or tearing one down for a complete rebuild, a classic car represents a wealth of opportunities depending on your budget, spare time, and mechanical ability.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-13
    But as with any car project, there are some questions that need to be answered before the wrenches start turning. What do you want from your classic car? A factory restoration is the most traditional choice. It will probably be most beneficial to the car’s value, and there’s always something to be said for a period correct throwback to the way motoring was done in the past.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-38
    But if you go this route, there are going to be some drawbacks. Even with a full restoration, your old car will still drive like, well, an old car. Acceleration, braking, handling, fuel economy and reliability may seem very lacking, especially to someone who is used to driving newer, more technologically-advanced automobiles.
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    So in that case, you might instead to choose to completely modify your vintage car. Whether you’re driving on the street or race track, you can go for a modern engine swap, upgrade the suspension and install bigger brakes with large wheels and tires and so forth. If you do things right, you’ll have a classic car that drives like something a lot newer.
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    But then again, is the car really a classic at that point? It might look like one, but some might say that if you wanted the performance and reliability of a new car, you should have just gone and bought one. I love a thoroughly modernized classic, but I do agree that having all the high tech bits takes some of the adventure out of things.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-8
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    The challenge then, is to try and find the middle ground. A classic car that can be improved in the right areas without taking away all the stuff that made us fall in love with it in the first place. The 1971 Toyota Celica you see here is a perfect example of this.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-15
    The car is owned by Southern California’s Jorge Aguilera, and when I saw it at Toyotafest in Long Beach this year I fell in love with it. It was the complete package, and after a few seconds of surveying its eye-catching green bodywork and mechanical bits I knew we had a feature car on our hands. A call was made to Larry Chen and now we have the images you see here.
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    Jorge is part of a tight-knit group of SoCal Toyota enthusiasts, and he’s owned the Celica for seven years now. When he first brought the old Toyota home, his wife wasn’t too pleased (I think we’re all familiar with that), but in the time since, he’s created what is surely one of most impressive first generation Celicas this side of Tokyo.
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    The Celica was a big deal when it went on sale in the United States during 1971. It offered the scaled-down looks of a Camaro or Mustang, sports car moves and the fuel economy and reliability that Japanese imports were quickly becoming known for. It also turns out that these early model Celicas would be the best looking of the bunch – before ‘the man’ intervened with his 5mph crash laws and the gigantic bumpers that came with them.
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    In addition to having those great first year lines, Jorge also outfitted the body of his Celica with a few period correct modifications that make a big difference to the look. There’s a subtle front chin spoiler and a set of Japanese market fender mirrors…
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-12
    … along with set of over fenders that give the svelte Celica just the right amount of 1970s toughness. Combine that with the paintwork done by Jorge’s close friend Sid and you’ve pretty much got the perfect exterior.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-19
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    But it’s not just the exterior that makes this car so good. In North America, the early Celicas were only offered with single overhead cam engines that, while decent for their time, paled in comparison to the more exotic DOHC engines available in Japan.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-22
    This wouldn’t be the last time American market cars got the short end of the stick when it came to engine choices, but no problem though because like many old school Toyota enthusiasts, Jorge swapped in a twin cam 18R-G motor that made the Daruma Celica such a hit in Japan.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-20
    But he didn’t stop there. For some extra power, he outfitted the 18-RG with a T3/T4 turbocharger with a custom piping and intercooler set-up. While this doesn’t make the Celica a wheel stander or tire destroyer, it’s still a huge improvement over what the car made from the factory.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-24
    But more importantly, I just think there’s something cool about popping the hood and seeing that old school twin cam engine with a snail attached to it. There are any number of modern Japanese powerplants Jorge could have gone with while looking for more power and reliability – but I very much like this combination. It looks like something you might have seen at at a tuning house back in the early ’80s.
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    The engine is mated to a five-speed transmission and to handle the additional power that the car is putting down, the rear differential has been upgraded to one from a ’79 Supra.
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    Inside the car, you’ll find the same great balance of classic style and functional upgrades – and that’s a good thing because first generation Celicas had interiors that looked just as cool as their bodies.
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    For the most part everything looks pretty original here, but Jorge has made a few changes…
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-27
    … like installing a pair of bucket seats from an ’85 Supra that have been convincingly reupholstered to match the rest of the cockpit.
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    There are other little things like carbon fiber trim and extra gauges to keep an eye on the turbocharged engine…
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    … but by and large, that great nostalgic feel of a 1970s Japanese car has been kept intact.
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    Finally, we have the wheel and tire set-up. I can’t tell you how many times I’ve seen a cool vintage car that’s been visually ruined by having a set of modern oversized wheels with low profile tires. It’s a look that can work sometimes, but it takes some effort.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-11
    Thankfully Jorge doesn’t have that problem, because he went with a very period-correct wheel choice. Those are RS Watanabes measuring 13″x8.5 in the front and 13″x9.5 in the rear.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-17
    Combine the timeless Watanabes and those flares with meaty 13″ tires and you’ve got a look that could’ve come straight from the grid at Fuji Speedway in the early ’70s.
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    As for future plans, Jorge is planning to go through the Celica’s suspension and also to eventually build a new motor for it.
    Larry_Chen_green_celica_1971-1
    Whatever he plans to do though, you can rest assured that the car will not stray from its perfect blend of old and new.
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    This Celica is not an exact recreation of something that rolled off the assembly line in 1971, nor is it a modern performance car wrapped in a vintage body. It’s somewhere right in the middle, and that’s what makes it so special.



    dimanche 28 avril 2013

    THE KIWI BUILT QUATTRO S1


    The 1980s are remembered for a lot of things, but in the motorsport world those years represent the golden era of rallying. Group B took the World Rally Championship and turned it on its head. In matter of just a few short years factory-backed cars had doubled their power output and were packed full of cutting edge technology and exotic components. Many people likened them to Formula 1 cars for the gravel, and that wasn’t far from the truth. But they were too fast and ultimately too dangerous, which is why we will, unfortunately, never see anything like Group B in the WRC ever again. The spirit, however, will always live on.
    With such small numbers of competition cars built during the heyday, owning a pukka Works-spec machine is a privilege that only few can enjoy. Most surviving cars are in collectors hands and subsequently don’t come up for sale very often. And when they do there’s the small matter of price, which is anything but. So what to do if you crave a slice of Group B, but can’t lay your hands on the real thing? In the case of Kiwi rally driver Andrew Hawkeswood, you simply build one yourself.
    As far as Group B replicas go, Audi’s Quattro S1 is one of the simpler to execute given the fact that the cars were essentially built from production car base, rather than steel tubes. The Audi also retains its engine in the front rather than the back, as was the case with cars Lancia Delta S4, Peugeot 205T16 and the Ford RS200.
    That’s not to say that it was an easy build in any respect, but owning his own race and rally preparation workshop (Force Motorsport), and employing a small but highly talented team of engineers, definitely made the job a whole easier.
    But what emerged out the other end is something very cool. And with close to the same amount of power as a genuine works car, it’s certainly not the shy, retiring type. But as you’ll soon find out, there’s a lot more to this car than first meets the eye.
    Like the real S1 deal, considerable body modifications were required to give the car the correct proportions. Unlike regular showroom-spec Audi coupés of the era, the rally cars (and the 200 road going versions required to be manufactured to satisfy Group B regulations) were 12.6 inches (320mm) shorter. Compare the shot above to that of a run-of-the-mill coupe and you’ll immediately notice the different in the length of the rear side windows. Effectively, the modifications transformed the car from a coupé into a hatchback and with the alteration a more suitable wheelbase for the quick direction change requirements of rallying. However, coupled with power outputs that exceeded 500 horsepower, they certainly weren’t easy to drive. Just ask Walter Röhrl.
    There is one anomaly with Andrew’s car and that’s the windscreen’s rake. During Audi’s early efforts with the Quattro, works drivers complained that the front windscreen was prone to light glare, so the Sport Quattro versions were fitted with a shorter screen (on a more acute angle) borrowed from the Audi sedan.
    For the most part, though, with its Germany-sourced S1 replica body kit and an S1-style bonnet and rear wing handcrafted in New Zealand added into the mix, the Audi certainly looks the way it should. Dig a little deeper, however, and you’ll find that all is not as it seems. Because while most – if not all – S1 replicas use Quattro all-wheel-drive, this particular car has the underpinnings of a V9 Subaru Impreza WRX STI.
    If you’re scratching your head and asking “why”, Andrew makes a good case. Firstly, the car began life not as an all-wheel-drive Quattro variant, but a poverty-pack front-wheel-drive ‘GT’ purchased for the princely sum of NZ$23 (US$20), meaning that a 4WD system of some description needed to find its way up and under the bodywork. Secondly, there’s the performance factor. Aftermarket parts like the Cusco limited slip diffs fitted are plentiful, and using the compact WRX STI six-speed gearbox (well, the casing anyway – it’s since been fitted with a PPG straight-cut gear kit) would allow an engine to sit much further back in the car.
    Initially the idea had been to build custom subframes and install the Subaru driveline that way. But once Andrew and his team got into the build, they quickly realized that it would be a much easier proposition to cut out the Audi’s floorpan, and replace it with the floorpan from the STI – albeit modified for width and length. To fit the engine to the WRX transmission necessitated an adapter plate and a custom subframe to allow it to clear the Subaru steering rack. But out the back the subframe is Subaru OEM.
    Part Audi, part Subaru, but it works.
    According to Andrew, when people learn that the car has a Subaru driveline they usually assume that there’s a boxer engine ticking away up front. Of course, that would never cut it.
    Only one engine was ever going to do, and that’s an Audi-bred inline-five with a DOHC 20V head. I’m not sure what it’s like in Europe, but in this part of the world finding an ‘RR’ engine isn’t all that easy. Only three 20V Quattros were sold new in New Zealand, and to get his hands on this engine Andrew had to purchase a complete car. In standard form the 2.2L five produces reasonable power, but for what Force Motorsport had in mind the bottom end was pulled apart and rebuilt for rally duty with Wiseco forged pistons and heavy-duty rods. Up top the 20V head benefits from a full race-prep and features custom cams and oversized valves.
    The turbocharger is by custom T3/T4 turbo crafted from a Garrett GT3076 with boost controlled through the engine’s OEM external wastegate. As you can see if this photo, the turbo is currently fitted with a 36mm restrictor in the inlet, which is a mandatory fitment for turbo cars running in New Zealand’s new Rally Xtreme Challenge. Of course when Andrew’s not rallying the Audi in the series, it quickly comes off allowing the engine to breathe as it was originally intended to.
    On the intake side of the engine is an aluminum manifold complete with individual runners fabricated in-house at Force Motorsport. The Works-style design was settled on after a long time spent studying photographs of S1 engines. To allow for increased airflow the manifold breathes through a Mitsubishi 4G63 throttle body that’s fed cool air through a front mounted air-to-air intercooler. Injectors are Sard 800cc units that supply an exclusive diet of E85 fuel.
    Of course the engine is just one piece of the puzzle. To make the most of the power, the Audi runs a custom-built suspension set up courtesy of Australian motorsport specialist, MCA Suspension.
    One of the most important aspects of a rally car, the brake system, has been suitably upsized too and now features Alcon calipers and slotted two-piece rotors front and rear.
    Andrew never had any intentions of recreating a cluttered Works Quattro S1 office space with period fittings. Instead, the interior space is basic but functional. The pedal box – and the firewall it’s attached to for that matter – is once again WRX STI fare.
    It’s a quality fit-out too; with an extensive rollover protection and Sparco Evo FIA race seats fitted with Willans FIA harness seat belts.
    Of course there’s a hydraulic e-brake for hairpin turns, too. Anyone who has seen Andrew drive will know that he’s definitely mastered the art of pivoting the Audi 180 degrees while keeping the wheels engaged in a spinning frenzy.
    The sum of all the parts has created arguably one of the coolest classic rally cars in New Zealand – it’s certainly the most spectacular.
    There are two things I really love about this car. The first one: it’s 100 per cent street legal in New Zealand, as it needs to be for rally touring stages. As with any modified vehicle (legally) on the road the Audi had to be inspected and signed off by an accredited LVVTA (Low Volume Vehicle Technical Association) engineer. The ‘Cert’ plate lists all the main modifications, which in this case are numerous.
    The other thing? That’s the fact that Andrew uses it exactly how you’d hope to see a real Quattro Group B machine used. Sure, there are tidier and more ‘correct’ S1 replicas on the planet, but I’m not sure if any of them are driven quite as hard in proper rally competition as this one is. Mechanical sympathy does not live here.
    For the past two years Andrew has been at the top of the competitor guest list at Rod Millen’s Leadfoot Festival. And with the turbo restrictor removed, he hasn’t wasted the opportunities to drive at ten-tenths up the immaculately groomed 1-mile long driveway. Sometimes it’s quicker to fly though!
    When you see the Audi in its natural habitat, it’s like winding the clock back to the mid ’80s. And the sound… let’s not forget that unmistakeable sound!
    It might not be the ‘real’ thing, but this is one car that’s certainly helping keep the Group B spirit alive.
    – Brad Lord from SPEEDHUNTERS

    1986 AUDI QUATTRO S1 REPLICA
    Engine: Audi 2.2L five-cylinder 20-valve; Wiseco forged pistons; steel connecting rods; OEM crankshaft; Force Motorsport race-prepped/ported cylinder head; custom camshafts; oversized valves; custom Garrett-based T3/T4 turbocharger; Audi OEM external wastegate; custom air-to-air intercooler; 3-inch exhaust system; Force Motorsport alloy intake manifold; Mitsubishi 4G63 throttle body; Force Motorsport custom fabricated fuel rail; high-flow Sard 800cc fuel injectors; 2x Bosch 044 fuel pumps; alloy radiator; electric water pump; oil cooler; MoTeC M600 ECU
    Driveline: Subaru V9 WRX STI 6-speed transmission casing, Pfitzner Performance Gearbox (PPG) straight-cut dog gears; Exedy twin-plate clutch; Cusco limited slip differentials front/rear
    Chassis: Subaru V9 WRX STI  shortened/narrowed floor pan; Force Motorsport custom fabricated front subframe; Subaru V9 WRX STI rear subframe; Audi body shortened 320mm (12.6″)
    Suspension/Brakes: Subaru V9 WRX STI front/rear strut towers/tops; MCA Suspension custom-built coil-over shocks with external reservoirs; Alcon vented rotors; Alcon callipers; hydraulic e-brake; proportioning valve
    Wheels/Tires: 15×7″ Compomotive Motorsport wheels; MRF ZG2 205/65R15 rally tires (gravel); 18×10″ Compomotive Motorsport wheels (tarmac)
    Body: Audi Sport Quattro S1 fiberglass replica body panels, Lexan door, three-quarter and rear hatch windows; Audi Sport-style livery
    Cabin: Multi-point roll cage; Sparco Evo seats; Willans harness seat belts; Sparco suede dished steering wheel; Auto Meter Ultra-Lite tachometer; Auto Meter Ultra-Lite 30psi boost meter; Auto Meter Ultra-Lite water temp meter; custom dashboard

    dimanche 17 février 2013

    THE CORVETTE LEGENDS OF LE MANS


    This year’s 24 hours of Le Mans will mark the 50th Anniversary of Corvette’s first participation at the legendary race. As part of the celebrations, Corvette Racing assembled a number of historic Corvettes at last months American Le Mans Series round at Laguna Seca.
    Corvette also held a press conference, which included an awesome talk from 1960 driver Dr Thompson, and ’67 driver, Guldstrand. You can view their interviews at the YouTube links at the end.
    It was truly amazing to witness these guys talk about losing their Drum brakes on a 3000lb car half way through the event and having to work around this ‘small problem’.
    Briggs Cunningham was a wealthy sports car racer and aspiring car manufacturer He was defender of the America’s Cup and was the driving force behind the three-car Corvette team at the 1960 Le Mans. A fourth car was entered by Camoradi USA.
    Corvette faired very well at the event considering it was the heaviest car. It was also one of the few true production cars to take part. The Corvettes were modified with larger gas tanks, quick-fill gas caps, magnesium wheels, oil coolers, driving lights, racing seats and heavy-duty suspension components among their limited modifications. Most of the other machines were highly converted or one off race cars.
    The car we feature here is the Cunningham’s No. 2 Corvette driven by Dr. Thompson and Fred Windridge.
    Note the coloured headlamp colours. This is one of the first examples of multi-car teams using colour to distinguish each car. Fast forward to today and all the multi-car teams at Le Mans will have coloured mirrors or windshield strips.
    This car had a strong start but as the sun began to set, heavy rain made the track very dangerous. The #2 car crashed, suffering extensive front and rear damage. The car made it back to the pits, where it was repaired, but with 2 hours lost, it was out of major contention.
    With six hours to go, the #2 car retired. Thomspon recounts, “It was the brakes, indirectly, that took our car out of the race,” he said. “The engine failed in fairly dramatic fashion, but that was not because of a problem in the engine. The brakes gradually got worse and worse and we relied more and more on the downshifts to help slow the car. The engine had been over-revved by about 1,000 rpm on some of the downshifts, and this was recorded on the tell-tale tach, and it ultimately caused the engine to give up.”
    The #1 car has retired earlier in the event after a crash wrecked the car. The #3 car of John Fitch and Bob Grossman finished the 24 Hours with a class win, 8th overall.
    This car was lucky to make it.
    During one of the last pit stops, a mechanic decided to remove the radiator cap. With all the pressure, water escaped and the team was unable to top up. In those days, you could not add water or oil within 25 laps of your last top up, so the team came up with a ‘cool’ plan.
    Every three laps, the car would come into the pits and the engine would be surrounded by ice!!!!
    The #3 car is making its pilgrimage to Le Mans this year from the UK and will be on display.
    The second car on display was the 2nd Generation Corvette, which was entered at the 1967 Le Mans with ex-Penske driver, Guldstrand and Bob Bondurant driving. While the car was very quick, it retired just before the 12-hour mark.
    The car does look fantastic, now owned by Harry Yeaggy the period paintwork and graphics sum up the late 60’s racing scene in North America.
    Guldstrand was another guest at Laguna Seca, seen here with Thompson and two-time Le Mans class winner, Ron Fellows.
    The third car at the event was a third generation Corvette. Sponsorship was now big business in motorsport, with BF Goodrich sponsoring the team from 1971-3.
    This particular chassis started off as a 1969 PR car.
    This was converted to a racecar in 1972 and then restored to 1973 Le Mans specification a couple of years ago.
    As part of the Legends of Le Mans Celebrations, the Corvettes will race with Legends branding on the hood. It’s a shame the team didn’t go the whole way and have the cars in traditional Blue and White. That would have looked stunning.
    Chevrolet have also created this one off Z06 in these colours, expertly parked by Ron Fellows – typical racer, perfect line, touching the rumble strips.
    This car will end up in the National Corvette Museum.
    This was a fantastic event and a piece of history. The interviews of Thompson and Guldstrand are available on YouTube (links below) and offer a great insight into racing at Le Mans all those years ago.
    Today’s drivers had to admit; they have it easy compared to these American heroes.
    As part of our Le Mans coverage, we will follow this up with the latest in Corvette racecars, the C6.R GT2

    -Andy Blackmore from SPEEDHUNTERS
    Additional Photo: GM/Richard Prince